The properties of gasoline must be balanced to give satisfactory engine performance over a wide range of operating conditions including heat, altitude, and driving patterns. The more effectively liquid gasoline is changed into vapor, the more efficiently it burns in the engine.
There are several important characteristics of hydrocarbon based fuels: volatility, octane rating & energy content. The most important characteristic of gasoline is its Research Octane Number (RON) or octane rating, which is a measure of how resistant gasoline is to premature detonation (knocking). A range of fuel additives are used to change a fuel's performance characteristics.
Detonation is a violent collision of flame fronts in the cylinder, caused by uncontrolled combustion. The sudden rise in pressure can cause a knocking sound.
EFI is a circulation system. A pump draws fuel from the tank and sends it to solenoid-operated injection valves, where pressure is maintained by a fuel pressure regulator. Excess fuel flows back to the tank through a return line.
